How many risers can you have without a landing?

How Many Risers Can You Have in a Staircase Before a Landing is Required?

Brief Summary

In the United States, building codes typically limit the number of consecutive risers (or steps) before a landing is required. For general access stairs, the maximum is usually 12 risers, while for utility stairs (serving areas like basements or attics), it’s often 16 risers. These regulations prioritize safety and accessibility by breaking up long flights of stairs, providing rest stops, and facilitating changes in direction.

The Role of Landings in Staircase Design

Landings are more than just a pause point in a staircase. They serve multiple purposes:

• Safety: Landings break up long flights of stairs, reducing the risk of falls and providing a place to rest during ascent or descent.
• Accessibility: Landings make staircases more accessible for people with mobility limitations, offering space to pause or maneuver assistive devices.
• Change of Direction: Landings enable changes in stair direction, allowing for flexible layouts within buildings.
• Emergency Egress: During emergencies, landings serve as safe zones for people to gather or change direction.

Building Codes and Landing Requirements

Building codes in the US, including the International Building Code (IBC), and local jurisdiction amendments, dictate the maximum number of consecutive risers allowed before a landing.

• General Access Stairs: The maximum number of risers in a single flight of stairs without a landing is typically 12.
• Utility Stairs: For less frequently used stairs like those leading to basements or attics, codes may allow up to 16 risers before a landing.

Factors Influencing Landing Requirements

• Stair Height: The overall height the staircase needs to traverse influences the number of landings needed. Taller staircases will require more landings to comply with code restrictions.
• Occupancy Type: Different building types have different requirements. For instance, commercial buildings may have stricter rules compared to residential ones due to higher occupancy and potential emergency egress needs.
• Accessibility: If the building is designed to be universally accessible, additional landings might be required to accommodate individuals with disabilities.

Beyond the Minimum: Design Considerations

While building codes set the minimum standard, several other factors influence the placement and design of landings:

• Aesthetics: Landings can break up the monotony of a long staircase and add visual interest to the space.
• Comfort: A landing strategically placed halfway up a long flight can offer a welcome rest stop.
• Functionality: Landings can provide space for features like built-in seating, storage, or even a small workspace.

Conclusion

Understanding the regulations around landings is critical for anyone designing or building a staircase. While the general rule is 12 risers for general access stairs and 16 for utility stairs, it’s always essential to check local building codes for specific requirements. Remember, prioritizing safety and accessibility not only ensures code compliance but also creates a staircase that’s comfortable and user-friendly for everyone.