Do you put risers or treads first?
Staircase Construction: Risers or Treads First?
Brief Summary
Risers typically go in first when building a staircase, followed by the treads. This sequence ensures that the risers provide a solid backing for the treads and that the stair’s structure is stable.
Expanded Answer
Why Risers First?
- Structural Support: Risers are installed directly onto the stringers (the structural support boards on the sides of the stairs) and provide a solid base for the treads to rest upon.
- Accurate Tread Placement: By installing the risers first, you create a clear vertical reference point for placing and securing the treads.
- Preventing Gaps and Squeaks: Installing risers first helps to minimize gaps between the risers and treads, reducing the likelihood of squeaks or movement over time.
Step-by-Step Installation Process
- Install the First Riser: Starting at the bottom of the staircase, install the first riser onto the stringer using nails, screws, or construction adhesive. Ensure it is plumb (vertically straight) and level.
- Install the First Tread: Place the first tread on top of the installed riser. Make sure the tread is level and overhangs the riser slightly (typically about 1 inch) to create a nosing. Secure the tread to the stringer and the riser using appropriate fasteners.
- Repeat the Process: Continue installing risers and treads in an alternating fashion, working your way up the staircase. Each riser should sit on top of the previous tread, and each tread should overlap the riser below it.
Exceptions & Considerations
- Prefinished Treads & Risers: If you’re using prefinished treads and risers, you may need to adjust the installation sequence slightly to avoid damaging the finish. Consult the manufacturer’s instructions for specific guidance.
- Open Riser Staircases: In staircases without risers, the treads are directly attached to the stringers, eliminating the need to install risers first.
Building Codes & Safety
- Riser Height & Tread Depth: Building codes specify maximum riser height (usually 7-7.5 inches) and minimum tread depth (typically 10 inches) for safety and comfort.
- Uniformity: It’s important to maintain consistent riser heights and tread depths throughout the staircase to avoid tripping hazards.
- Structural Integrity: Stringers, risers, and treads must be adequately sized and securely fastened to ensure the staircase’s structural integrity and safety.
Remodeling Trends
- Open Risers: Open riser staircases continue to be a popular trend in modern and contemporary homes, offering a sense of openness and visual lightness.
- Floating Stairs: These visually striking designs often eliminate risers and even stringers, creating the illusion of floating steps.
- Mixed Materials: Combining different materials for treads, risers, and railings is a growing trend that adds visual interest and texture to the staircase.
Conclusion
When building or remodeling a staircase, installing the risers before the treads is the standard practice for ensuring a structurally sound and visually pleasing result. However, certain situations or design choices may require a different approach. Always prioritize safety and adherence to building codes when making any modifications to your staircase.